Hair waving apparatus



Jan. 2, 1934- A. G. BORDEN HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 31, 1931 '2 Sheets-Sheet l wamgam mv 1 INV EN TOR.

M H w w m .o M w 6 2 NY MB 0 Jan. 2, 1934. A, RDEN 1,941,594

I HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 31, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 2 Q INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY ins-.ID 151E111 Patented Jan. 2, 1934 PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Arthur G. Borden, WashingtonQD. 0., assignor I to The Borden Method, Inc., Washington, D. 0., a corporation of Delaware Application December 31, 1931 Serial No. 584,202

14 Claims.

My invention relates broadly to hair waving apparatus and more particularly to an improved construction of hair waving apparatus designed to increase safety and efiiciency in the performance of hair waving operations in a manner more convenient both to the operator and the patron.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a construction of hair waving apparatus in which hair may be passed into the heat treatment chamber of the hair waving apparatus without the necessity of threading 'the hair through an aperture adjacent the base of the heater chamber thereby relieving the tendency of breakage to the hair and avoiding an inconvenient operation to the patron. 7

Another object of my invention is to provide a construction of hair waving apparatus having a base portion including a radial slot through which bunched strands of the hair for treatment within the heat treatment chamber forming part of the hair Waving apparatus are passed.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a construction of hair receiving base for the heat treatment chamber where the base is divided into a pair of angularly movable sections each having radial slots therein adapted to be aligned for receiving the strands of hair and adapted to be shifted angularly for locking the strands of hair in position within the heat treatment chamber.

A further object of my invention is to provide a construction of radially slotted sectional base members adapted to close the bottom of a hair curling heater chamber where the sectional base members are so shaped and aligned one with respect to another that leakage oicondensation through the base is prevented.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a construction of mandrel adapted to 'receive the hair in wrapped formation thereon and having means for tightening the hair on the mandrel by twisting operations imparted to the mandrel after the hair has been wrapped thereon.

Another object'of my invention is to provide an arrangement of mandrel for facilitating the curling of hair within a heater chamber where the mandrel may be revolved in the direction of wrap of the hair about the mandrel for tightening the hair on the mandrel preparatory to a heat treatment operation within the heat treatment chamber.

Other and further objects of my invention reside in the provision of a closer device for the base of a heater member and an arrangement of mandrel supported thereby as set forth more fully in the specification hereinafter following by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a heater chamber showing the construction of the base member of my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged elevational view of the hair waving apparatus shown in Fig. 1 with parts broken away and illustrated in cross-section to show the construction of base member and mandrel constituting my invention; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the base of the heater chamber constructed in accordance with my invention and showing the mandrel in cross-section with the radial slots in the sections of the base aligned to receive strands of hair for facilitating the hair treatment operation; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the base shown in Fig. 3 with the sections of the base angularly shifted for locking the strands of hair in position for the heat treatment operation; Fig. 5 is a crosssectional view taken through the base on line 55 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional View. taken through the base on line 6--6 of Fig. 4; Fig. '7 isa cross-sectional view through the sections of the base with the radial slots therein aligned to receive strands of hair, the view being taken on line 77 of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is a side elevational view of the base with the radial slots aligned for receiving strands of hair through one side of the base; Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the upper section of the base detached from the lower section of the base; Fig. 10 is a plan view of the lower section of the base; Fig. 11 is a plan view of the upper section of the base with the metallic parts removed therefrom; and Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the mandrel of my invention shown partially in cross-section and partially in side elevation.

I have found during the process of waving hair that the necessity of threading the strands of hair through an aperture in the base of the heater is an inconvenient operation and is undesirable both to the operator and to the patron. The threading of the hair through the aperture in the base of the heater chamber subjects the strands of hair to tension and ultimate breakage. The construction of heater of my present invention is such that it is unnecesary to thread the strands of hair through a small aperture in the base of the heater for I provide radial slots in each of, the sections of the base. These slots may be aligned by angularly shifting the sections of the base and the strands of hair passed through the aligned slots and into an enlarged aperture. The

sections of the base may then be angularly shifted for clamping the strands of hair in the aperture through the base, thus protecting the strands of hair against breakage. The sections of the base are molded with the parts thereof so interrelated as to prevent leakage from the heat treatment chamber through the radial slots in the sections of the base. The mandrel which I employ for curling the hair within the heater chamber is novel in construction in that a cylindrical member is arranged to receive the strands of hair in accordance with the operation of aheat insulated winder and thereafter the cylindrical member is adapted to be twisted-for tightening the strands of hair on the mandrel.

Referring to the drawings in detail, reference characters 1 and 2 designate a two part casing for a heat treatment chamber, the parts of the casing being interconnected along a central zone represented at 3. 2 of the casing is provided with an annular groove 4 with an end portion 5 connectedthereto, the end portion 5 having walls substantially frustovconical in shape. The shape of the end portion 5 is such that the end portion 5 fits into a recess in the sectional base portion 22. The base portion 22 constitutes an upper section as shown more clearly in Fig. 11 and is arranged to cooperate with the lower section 24 shown more clearly in Fig. 10. The upper section 22 has a diametrically extending depression 27 therein adapted to receive the diametrically extending resilient strip member 23. The strip member 23 has upwardly projecting spring fingers 23a. thereon each adapted to grip opposite sides of the groove 4 adjacent the base of the heater chamber for detachably securing the closure to the end of the heater chamber. The angularly shiftable section 24 is connected to the base section 22 and .to the end 16 of the axially extending mandrel as shown by means of the headed screw 21. Both of the base sections are centrally apertured as indicated at 21a for the passage of the headed screw device 21, suiiicient play being left between the lower section 24 and the upper section 22 as to permit of angular movement of the sections 22 and 24 relative to each other. The lower section 24 has an arcuate shaped aperture 240. therein which terminates at one end in an upward projection 24c, which projection is arranged to enter the arcuate shaped aperture 22a in the upper section 22. The upper base section 22 and the lower base section 24 each have radially extending slots 22b and 24b therein which slots may be aligned as shown in Fig. 3 for receiving strands of hair which are passed into the apertured portions 22a and 24a. The upper base portion 22 has a downwardly depending lug 22e molded integrally therewith in a position adjacent the end of the arcuate shaped aperture 22a. The abutment of lugs 24c and 22e with the extremities of the arcuate shaped slots 22a and 24a respectively serve to limit the angular movement of the base sections 22 and 24. In order to provide for the angular shifting of the sections of the base I provide integrally molded projecting arms 22d and 24d on the sections of the base which may be gripped by the fingers of the operator in effecting an angular movement of the parts of the base in clamping the strands of hair in position as shown in Fig. 4 at 30. In order to insure against the leakage of condensate from the heat treatment chamber upon a patron the base sections 22 and 24 are arranged in cooperative relation. That is, the upper base section 22 iscut The lower portion of section' away through substantially one-half the periphery thereof as shown at 220. A cooperating shell portion 240 projects upwardly from the angularly shiftable base 24 and into the cut away portion 220 of the upper base section 22. The curved shell or wall portion 240 extends approximately one-fourth of the periphery of the circular section 24 and therefore occupies approximately onehalf the length of the cut away portion 220.

By moving the finger grip 24d in a counterclockwise direction as indicated in Fig. 4 the shell or circular wall 240 is moved to a position closing the'radial slot 221) as represented in Fig. 4.

-In this way the base of the heat treatment chamber is closed and leakage prevented. The slot 241) in the position shown in Fig. 4 is closed by the solid portion of the base 22 as indicated in dotted lines. The base member 24 is faced by means of a laterally extending protective pad 28 which is secured to the lower surface of the heat insulation plate member 25. The, heat insulation plate member 25 has a plurality of upwardly extending lugs 29 through which rivet members 26 extend from the upper surface of the angularly ,shiftable base section 24 to the lower surface of the heat insulation plate member 25. An air gap is provided between the heat insulation plate member 25 and the lower surface of the angularly shiftable base member 24. The heat insulation plate member 25 and the protective pad 28, which is permanently attached thereto, are both provided with aligned arcuate shaped apertures 25a and 28a. respectively which apertures are disposed directly beneath the aperture 24a in the base member 24. A radial slot 25b is provided in the heat insulation plate member 25 and a correspondingly aligned radial slot 281) is provided in protective pad 28 both of which are directly aligned with the radial slot 241) in the lower base section 24. It will therefore be seen that lower base section 24 carries the heat insulation plate member 25 and protective pad 28, the radial slots and arcuate shaped apertures of which are all in fixed alignment. These slots and apertures may be brought into alignment with the correspondingly arranged slot 22?) and aperture 22a in the upper base section 22 as illustrated in Figs. 3 and '7. In this position strands of hair are slipped into the end closure member in a position adjacent the vertically extending mandrel preparatory to the wrapping of the hair on the mandrel under control of the winder 31 as shown in Fig. 2. The strands of hair are then looked in position through the base members by the operation indicated in Fig. 4 and thereafter the strands of hair are wrapped on the cylindrical member 15 constituting part of the mandrel which extends vertically through the heat treatment chamber by twisting winder 31. upon the cylinder 15 constituting a portion of the mandrel a protective wrapping 32' may be wound thereover to insure against scorching the hair.

Fig. 12 illustrates in more detail the construction of the mandrel. The mandrel includes the cylindrical portion 15 supported on the shoulder 16a. of the cylindrical member 16. The cylindrical member 16 has a central annular groove 16b therein through which the diametrically extending member 20 projects. The member 29 is in the form of a ratchet-having oppositely directed teeth adapted to engage the interior walls of the tubular member 15. The knurled head 17 has a shoulder 17a thereon which supports the tubular When the hair is wrapped end 19 of the cylindrical member 16 and is screw threaded in its extremity at 1811 for engaging internal screw threads on the knurled head 1'7. When theknurled head 17 is screwed to the position shown in Fig. '12, thecylindrical member 15 has sufficient freedom of movement for allowing the cylindrical member 15 to be twisted in a clockwise direction Whilepreventing movement of cylindrical member 15 in a counterclockwise direction under control of the ratchet device 20. That is to say, the ratchet device 20 grips the interior walls of cylindrical member 15 preventing counterclockwise movement of the cylindrical member 15 while cylindrical member 15 is free to revolve clockwise under a twisting action imparted to the cylindrical member 15. By reason of this construction. the hair may be wrapped on the mandrel by operation. of the winder 31. Then in order. to tighten the hair on the mandrelthe tubular or cylindrical member 15 may be given a slight clockwise twist for correspondingly tightening the hair on the mandrel preparatory to a heat treatment operation.

It will be observed in Fig. 2 that the cylindrical or tubular member 15 projects sufliciently beyond the end of the heat treatment chamber at 14 to allow twisting of the tubular member 15 from the exterior of, the casing. I have indicated the heater winding within the heater chamber by reference character 8 constituted by a winding disposed along a cylindrical shell 6 having an external shell 9 thereover. End members 7 serve to support the turns constituting the heater winding 8 with respect to the interior of the heater chamber. The ends of the conductor constituting heater winding 8 terminate in connectors which are disposed within the projecting block members 10. A lug 12 projects from one side of easing 1 adjacent the top thereof and serves to support the flexible conductor 11 while relieving mechanical strain thereon when the heater chamber is suspended with respect to a plurality of adjacent heater chambers.

I have found the construction of heater chamber made in accordance with the construction of my invention extremely practical and successful in operation, and while I have described my invention inone of its preferred embodiments, I desire that it be understood that modifications may be made and that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. Hair waving apparatus comprising a. heat treatment chamber, a detachable end closure connectible with the end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said end closure and projectible longitudinally within said chamber, said end closure being laterally divided into a pair of sections of heat resisting material each having radially disposed. slots therein terminating in passages for thehair adjacentthe base of said mandrel, said sections being angularly shiftable in position in parallel planes for aligning the radial slots therein for receiving strands of hair through one side of said end closure and shiftable out of alignment for locking the hair in said passages in a position in which the hair may be wrapped on said mandrel for effecting a curling operation.

2. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a closure member for the end of said heat treatment chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure member and arranged to be projected longitudinally within said heat treatment chambensaid closure member comprising a pair of angularly adjustable members of heat resisting material, each slotted in a radial direction adjacent one side thereof for receiving strands of hair projectible through the said radial slots in said angularly adjustable members, said slots terminating in passages for the hair adjacent the base of said mandrel for enabling the strands of hair to pass into said chamber when the slots are shifted out of alignment for permitting the strands of hair to be wrapped on said mandrel for effecting a curling operation.

3. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a closure member detachably secured across the lower end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure member and projectible longitudinally within said heat treatment chamber, said closure member being divided into a pair of laterally adjustable portions of heat resisting material, each of said portions having a radial slot therein terminating in a passage for hair adjacent the base of said mandrel and adapted to be aligned for receiving strands of hair through one side of said closure member for passage into said heat treatment chamber, and means carried by one of said portions for closing the end of the slot in the other of said portions when the radial slots in said portions are shifted out of alignment.

4. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a closure for one end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectible into said heat treatment chamber, said closure comprising a pair of angularly adjustable members each being radially slototed for receiving strands of hair insertable at one edge thereof and having passages adjacent said mandrel for entrance of strands of hair into said heat treatment chamber, and means carried by one of said members for closing the open edge of the other of said Ill of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said clo- 1 sure member and projectible through said chamber, said closure member comprising a pair of laterally extending members movable one with respect to the other and each having a radial slot extending from an aperture adjacent the base 6. A hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a closure for the end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectible into said chamber, said closure being constituted by a pair of angularly movable members, one of said members being adapted to telescopically engage the end of the exterior wall of said chamber, a radially disposed slot in each of said members terminating in a passageway for hair adjacent the base of said mandrel for facilitating the entrance of strands of hair into said heat treatment chamber, means connected with said member for curling the strands of hair within said chamber, and means carried by one of said members and angularly shiftable to close the radially disposed slot in the other of said moved out of. alignment.

7. A hair waving apparatus comprising aheat treatment chamber, a closurefor the end'of said chamber, said closure constituted by apair of angularly adjustable.members telescopically engaging the end of the exterior of said chamber;

a radially disposed slot terminating in a passageway in each of said members for facilitating the entrance of strands of hairinto said heat treatment chamber, means connectedwith one of said members and angularly shiftable for substan tially closing the open end of the radial slot in the other of said members when the slots in said members are moved out-of alignment.

8. Hair waving. apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a closure for the lower end of said chamber, said closure comprising a cup shaped member adapted to telescopically engage the end of the exterior of saidchamber, a mandrelcarried by said cup 'shaped'member and insertable into said chamber for receiving strands of hair in wrapped form thereon, said cup shaped member having an arcuate shaped aperture therein adjacent the base of said mandrel with a radial slot connected-with said aperture and extending to the edge of said cup shaped member for receiving strands of hair through one side of said cup shaped member for entrance into said chamber, an angularly shiftable disc member pivotally mounted upon said cup shaped member, said disc having a radial slot therein alignable with the slot in said cup shaped member and havinga solid portion for substantially closing the radial'slot in said cup shaped member after the strands of hair are passed through the said slots in a -position for effecting a curling operation within said chamber, and an upstanding edge carried by said angularly shiftable disc member and movable across the open'end of the slot in said cup shaped member when the said radial slots are shifted out of alignment;

9. Hair waving apparatus comprising a hair treatment chamber, a cup shaped member adapted to close the end of said chambena mandrel carried by said cup shaped member and extending into said heat treatment chamber, said cup shaped member having an aperture therein with a slot formed in said cup shaped 'memberand extending from the edge thereof to the aperture in said cup shaped member, adisc member pivotally mounted with respect to said cup shaped member and having an aperture and a radially extending slot adapted to be aligned with the aperture and radially extending slot in said cup shaped member, for receiving strands of hair through one side of said cup shaped member, said cup shaped member and said disc member being angularly shiftab-le 'for substantially closing the slot in said cup shaped 'member after the strands of hair have been passed through said slots and said aperture to a curling position within said chamber, and an upstanding edge on said disc for closing the open end of the slot in said cup shaped'member.

10. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a cup shaped member closing one end of said heat treatment'chamben'and having the sides extending upwardly and engag ing the exterior of theend of said chamber amandrel carried by said-cup shaped memberand insertable within-said heat treatment chamber for receiving strands of hair in wrapped formation thereon, said cup shaped member having anmembers, when the slots in said members are aperture therein adjacent the base of said man-'- drel for the passage of strands of hair therethrough, a radial slot-interconnecting said aperture with the edge of said cup shaped member,

the peripheral edge of said cup shaped member adjacent said slot having a recess therein, a disc member pivotally' mounted with respect to the lower part of .said cup shaped member, said disc member having an aperture and a'radially disposed sl'ot therein adapted to be aligned with the aperture and slot in said cup shaped member for receiving strands of hair from one side of said cup shaped member for passage into said heat treatment chamber preparatory to the curling operation on said mandrel, and an arcuate shaped member carried by the periphery of said disc member and movable in the peripheral recess in said cup shaped member upon relative displacement of said cup shaped member with respect to said disc member for substantially closing the slot in said cup shaped member when the" strands of hair have been wrapped upon of laterally shiftable sections, each of said sec-' tionshaving apertures therein adjacent the base of said mandrel with slots extending from said apertures to the peripheries of each of said sections for receiving strands of hair insertable from one side of said cup shaped member in the course of the entrance thereof into said heat treatment chamber preparatory to a hair waving operation, said sections being angularly shiftablefr'ela'tive to each other, and an upstanding curved edge on the lower section movable into position for substantially closing the slot in said cup shaped member.

12. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a cup shaped member detachably engageable with one end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said cup shaped member and insertable into said chamber, said cup shapedmember being divided into a pair of angularly shiftable sections, each of said sections having an aperture therein adjacent the base of said mandrel with a slot interconnecting the apertures with the peripheral edges of said sections, and an upstanding circular edge portion connected with one of said sections and shiftable for closing the slot in the other of said sections after strands of hair have been passed through said slots from one edge of said cup shapedv member when in aligned position preparatory to a hair curling operation for providing. amoisture tight closure for the end of said chamber.

13. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a cup shaped member detachably engaging the exterior wall of the base of-said chamber, a mandrel carried by said cup shaped member insertable into said chamber, said cup shaped member being constituted by a pair of superimposed angularly shiftable sections, each of said sections having'an aperture thereinadjacent-the base of said mandrel, and a slot extending from said'aperture to the periphery' of said sections, finger grip devices extending; from each of said sectionsfor angularly shifting said sections to align the slots to receive strands of hair from one side of said cup shaped member for passage into said chamber, and an upstanding member carried by the lower sections for substantially closing the end of the slot in the upper section when said sections are angularly shifted for providing a moisture tight closure for the end of said chamber.

14. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heat treatment chamber, a combined closure member and clamp for the base of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure member and clamp and insertable into said casing for effecting a hair waving operation, said closure member and clamp comprising a pair of laterally shiftable superimposed sections, each of said sections having an aperture adjacent the base of said mandrel with a radially extending slot extending between the aperture and the edge of said section, a heat insulating plate connected with the lower section, a facing pad carried by said plate, apertures having a radially extending slot connected therewith disposed in said heat insulating plate and said facing pad in alignment with the lower section of said combined clamp and closure, and means projectible from each of said sections for eifecting angular movement of said sections for shifting said sections, said insulating plate, and said facing pad, from a position where all of the apertures and radially disposed slots therein are aligned for receiving strands of hair through one side of said closure member to a position where the radially disposed slot in the upper section is substantially closed preparatory to the wrapping of the strands of hair around said mandrel.

ARTHUR G. BORDEN. 

